One of the most common piping work issue for industrial piping is due to casual application practice and un-noticeable power wastage, poor workmanship, improper piping sizing, insufficient layout and some time even poor material selection by the piping designer or engineer.

To eliminate such piping problem, the industry is actually launching one of the solution called non leaking piping solution. This piping work solution is giving unique properties such as good mechanical strength, high working pressure, high temperature withstand, non corrosive, safe use for household or drinking water purpose, and so on so.

Other than these, on structure construction wise, it allow a very efficient installation and no insulation is required, also provide a very smooth operation and only a minimum of friction losses. The most important thing is, it can be withstand up to 50 years of service life after installed.

This piping work solution can be applied in compressed air, swimming pool, chemical, acid, water treatment plant, pharmaceutical, solar system and etc.

Before the production of Ductile Iron Pipe, Cast Iron Pipe is known as the most suitable pipe for the industries. After the production of Ductile Iron Pipe, it’s well known and retains all the attractive qualities from Cast Iron such as machinability, corrosion-resistance, additional strength, toughness, and ductility. The chemical properties for Ductile Iron Pipe and Cast Iron Pipe are different too.

Ductile Iron Pipe is largely used in the industry since 1955. Most probably Ductile Iron Pipe is used for modern water, wastewater systems and etc. There are more than for decades of field experience have proven Ductile Iron Pipe’s strength, durability, and reliability for transporting raw, potable water, sewage, slurries, and process chemicals. Ductile Iron pipe is good in it’s function of corrosion-resistance, it has been proven that its’ corrosion-resistance is equal or greater than the Cast Iron Pipe. With that said, Ductile Iron Pipe can be stand for more longer than Cast Iron Pipe without reparing, in a long term basis, the cost used for ductile iron pipe will be lesser than cast iron pipe.

Ductile Iron Pipe is usually manufactured by the piping supplier in 6 metre nominal laying lengths and range of 80mm – 2600mm diameters of standard pressure classes and nominal wall thicknesses. There is several methods for Ductile Iron Pipe jointing, assembling, cutting, installing, and ovality correction too. Of course, the cost for ductile iron pipe will be higher if comparing with cast iron pipe and other pipes, but it’s more economical in long run basis.

Click here to view the video on how ductile iron pipe is made.

Source : Dipra & Brouchure from ACI Holdings

1st Method of Gutter Installation

1) Mark a center point on the formwork where the UPVC pipe is to pass through the concrete floor slab, then get a nail to punch a small hole on the said point. Put the Gutter Down pipe sleeve on top of the formwork so that the central hole is perpendicular to the hole already marked and fastening the sharp screw onto the formwork.

2) By fastening the sharp screw from the Gutter Down pipe sleeve central hole to the formwork the “Y” portion will naturally bend downward and force the Gutter Down pipe sleeve to clamp against the formwork firmly. This is to ensure correct and stable positioning of the Gutter Down pipe sleeve during concrete casting.

3) When the formwork is removed after the concrete floor is cast, the “Z” and “Y” portion will break off leaving the Gutter Down pipe sleeve cast within the concrete floor slab. Some touch up filling is necessary at “Z” portion before connection UPVC pipe.

2nd Method of Gutter Installation

1) Gutter Down pipe sleeve are provided with four nail hole fastening locations outside the cylindrical body. The Gutter Down pipe sleeve is placed on top of the formwork where the UPVC pipe is to pass through the concrete floor slab. Four nails are then fastened firmly onto the formwork.

2) When the formwork is removed after then concrete floor slab is cast, the nails will be exposed beneath the Gutter Down pipe sleeve. Bend the nails toward the floors slab or cut them away. Additional cement plastering will cover the bend nails.

3) Apply the PVC solvent cement on “X” portions all round for connection of the UPVC pipe into the Gutter Down pipe sleeve.

4) Please ensure that the extension UPVC pipe are fitted (without solvent cement) into the Gutter Down pipe sleeve before the concrete is cast, if the thickness of concrete floor slab exceeds the heights of the Gutter Down pipe sleeve. Remove the extension UPVC pipe from the Gutter Down pipe sleeve after the concrete floor is cast.

5) In order to have a better discharging flow system for the main stack, it is important to align the connecting UPVC pipes centre points to ensure optimum efficiency. Insert an extension UPVC pipe into the Gutter Down pipe sleeve which had already casted in the floor slab below. Then place a laser pointer pen holder onto the UPVC pipe, so that the centre point can be located at the underneath upper floor formwork. Thereafter made a nail hole and then place a Gutter Down pipe sleeve on top of the formwork, and fastening by the sharp screw.

Pipe is used as a structural component. There are several types of pipe in the market, while one of them is Cast Iron Pipe. There are several benefits of using cast iron pipe from piping construction point of view are worth to mentioned:

Noise reduction

By using the combination of neoprene gaskets and hub-less coupling with cast iron pipe and fittings would greatly reduce the noise and vibration. This reduction of noise from the use of cast iron pipe is purely based on its composition and method of manufacturing, the noise generated while using with cast iron pipe is muffled rather than being transmitted. The neoprene play a very important role also in segregating the cast iron pipe from the fitting and help in reducing the noise.

The performance and quality

If the piping work from any construction sites involves sanitary and storm drain, waste and vent piping application, cast iron pipe is the best choice with its performance, feasibility and durability. The cast iron pipe can be said is no equal if to be compared with any other piping resources, and this fact is proven from the previous proved records in the piping use of history. The characteristic of the cast iron pipe from its unique corrosion resistance make the cast iron pipe and fitting best suit for piping/plumbing applications.

Versatility

Cast iron pipe and fittings are the most versatile sanitary and storm drain, waste, and vent piping material and it is highly demanded from the market since long time ago. Especially on wide selection of joining method for cast iron pipe, the versatility allow the cast iron pipe for efficient installation either for underground or above the floor as well as the easy adaptability for the use in building construction has make the cast iron pipe one of the most preferred piping in the market.

Economically solution

Cast iron pipe and fittings is able to offer an economically solution to the market due to several advantages includes the various joining method, the versatility, performance, and the widely availability in the market. Cast iron pipe also offers a low cost installation based on the efficiency of combination from gasket joint and hub-less joint, long pipe (10 foot) reduce the joint in plumbing application, the ease of manufacturing and reduced waste generated.

There are several types of piping such as copper pipe, steel pipe, polyethylene pipe, unplasticised PVC (UPVC) pipe, ductile pipe, cast iron pipe, galvanized pipe, poly pipe, concrete pipe, aluminum pipe, stainless pipe, metal pipe and etc, all of them have their unique installation pipe procedure and method. In this article, that will be a simple video clip that teaches how to lay the water pipe, it’s just a rough installation pipe procedure. The piping contractor is laying 12″ water main line for a new road.

How To Lay Water Pipe

1) Excavation
One excavator and Compaction Wheel have to be used for excavation work. The excavator will be excavating the earth or soil in straight where the water pipe has to be installed.

2) Compaction
After the excavator has excavated the earth or soil, the Compaction Wheel will be compacting the ground to make the soil become solid and stronger.

3) Laying Water Pipe
After the excavation work and compaction work have been done, the piping workers will be laying the water pipe on the excavated ground.

4) Filling
After the water pipes have been properly lay, excavator has to do filling work which is filling the excavated earth on the water pipe. After these, compaction wheel will be compacting the ground again. After all the works have been done, road work will be going on.

Direct cold water supply

In this type of direct piping system, the entire of the cold water to the sanitary fitting is supplied directly from the service pipe. In order to provide a good main supply and pressure, the direct system has to be used with high level reservoirs and this is widely used in northern districts. With this type of piping system, only a small cold water storage cistern to feed the hot water tank is required and this can normally be located or placed below the roof ceiling level giving a saving on pipe runs to the roof space and eliminating the need to insulate the pipe against frost.

Another advantage of the direct piping system is that drinking water can be made available from several outlet service points. The main drawback is in case of repairs for direct piping system, the reserved main supply have to be cut off, also the supply level will be in the lower level during peak demand periods.

When sanitary fittings are connected directly to a main supply there is always a risk of contamination of the main water by back siphonage. This can occur if there is a negative pressure on the main and any of the outlets are submerged below the water level, such as a hand spray connected to the taps.

Indirect Cold Water Supply

For indirect water supply system, except for a drinking water outlet at the sink, all the sanitary fittings are supplied indirectly from a cold water storage cistern located at a higher level, usually in the roof space. This system requires more pipework but it gives a reserve supply in case of main supply failure and it also reduces the risk of contamination by back siphonage. The local water authority determines the system to be used in the area and they should be notified.

Pipework

Any of the materials which are suitable for the service pipe are equally suitable for distribution pipe and the choice is very often based on individual preference, initial costs and possible maintenance costs.

Copper Pipe

Copper pipe have a smooth bore giving low flow resistance, they are strong and can be easily jointed and bent. Joints in copper pipe can be made by one of three methods:

i) Manipulative compression joint – the end of the pipe is manipulated to fit into the coupling fitting with the help of a special tool. No jointing material is required and the joint offers great resistance to being withdrawn. It is usually by law requirement that his type of joint is used on service pipe under the ground.

ii) Non manipulative compression joint – no manipulation is required to the cut end of the pipe, the holding power of the joint relies on the grip of a copper cone wedge within the joint fitting.

iii) Capillary joint – the application of heat makes the soft solder contained in a groove in the fitting flow around the end of the pipe which has been cleaned and coated with a suitable flux to form a neat, clean and rigid joint.

Steel Pipe

Steel pipe for domestic water supply can be obtained as black tube, galvanised or coated for underground services. The joint of the steel pipe is usually made with a tapered thread and socket fitting, to ensure a sound joint from the steel pipe, stranded hemp and jointing paste should be wrapped around the thread; alternatively a non contaminating white plastic seal tape can be used.

Poly Pipe

Poly pipe is very light in weight, easy to be joint, non toxic and is available in long lengths, which gives a saving on the number of joints required. Jointing of poly pipe is common of the compression type using a metal of plastic liner to the end of the tube. To prevent undue sagging, poly pipe should be adequately fixed to the wall with saddle clips, recommended spacing are 14X the outside diameter for horizontal runs and 24X outside diameter for vertical runs.

Unplasticised PVC Pipe (UPVC Pipe)

This is type of plastic pipe for cold water services which is supplied in straight lengths up to 9m long and normally coated with grey, blue and black colours. Jointing of UPVC pipe can be by a screw thread but the most common method is by solvent welding. This involves cleaning and chamfering the end of the UPVC pipe which is coated with the correct type of cement and pushed into a straight coupling which has also been given a similar coat of cement. The solvent can be set within few minutes but the pipe joint does not achieve its working strength for 24 hours.

Cast Iron Pipe

In order to reduce the noise significantly, use neoprene gasket and hubless coupling with iron pipe is the best piping combination. The sound generated by this combination of piping would be muffled rather than being transmitted or amplified. The neoprene plays a vital role where it is used to separate the cast iron pipe from the fitting suppresses contact related sound. Cast iron pipe also can be said is the best performance in the piping family, and it is designed to best suit for sanitary and storm drain, waste and vent piping.

Pipe or piping is a cross hollow cylinder, which is used as a structural component. Pipe can be used for internal and external. Usually internal pipe is installed in the bath room, toilet, kitchen, above ceiling and etc, while external pipe is mostly used in underground. These is tonnes of types of pipe in the market and piping construction, such as copper pipe, steel pipe, polyethylene pipe, unplasticised PVC (UPVC) pipe, ductile pipe, cast iron pipe, galvanized pipe, poly pipe, concrete pipe, aluminum pipe, stainless pipe, metal pipe and etc. All of them have different uses and features.

All the pipes have many different types of size, it’s generally specified by the internal diameter. The cost or rate for all the types of pipe and sizes of them are totally different, when the piping supplier quotes you a rate, the rate will be following by its’ material of pipe and its’ nominal diameter.

Other than the materials of pipe that have been listed above, pipe can also be made from concrete or ceramic. For pipe which is made from UPVC, is usually used inside the building for bath room, toilet and kitchen and etc, basically UPVC is light weight, chemical resistance, non-corrosive properties, and ease of making connections and normally used for drinking water contribution. While for concrete and ceramic pipe, are usually used for low pressure applications such as gravity flow or drainage. The types of pipe used are depending on location and purpose that the pipe to be installed.

Installation pipe has to be done by specialize piping contractors because it requires variety of specialized tools, techniques, parts, pipe joints, pipe fittings and etc. Normally the cost for pipe installation is higher than the price for piping materials. Usually pipes are joined by welding or by using pipe threads, so various pipe fittings are needed during the installation process.