One of the most common piping work issue for industrial piping is due to casual application practice and un-noticeable power wastage, poor workmanship, improper piping sizing, insufficient layout and some time even poor material selection by the piping designer or engineer.

To eliminate such piping problem, the industry is actually launching one of the solution called non leaking piping solution. This piping work solution is giving unique properties such as good mechanical strength, high working pressure, high temperature withstand, non corrosive, safe use for household or drinking water purpose, and so on so.

Other than these, on structure construction wise, it allow a very efficient installation and no insulation is required, also provide a very smooth operation and only a minimum of friction losses. The most important thing is, it can be withstand up to 50 years of service life after installed.

This piping work solution can be applied in compressed air, swimming pool, chemical, acid, water treatment plant, pharmaceutical, solar system and etc.

UPVC Gutter Down Pipe system complies where applicable with the requirements of BS4576:1970 and it is suitable for internal and external installations. The complete range of pipes and fitting are available in 3 sizes; 110mm, 160mm and 200mm, and they are manufactured in white color only. The Gutter Down Pipe are produced in 2 different types of wall thickness and a table is compiled as below:

Domed roof outlet grating

Domed roof outlet grating is designed with a removable push fit high dome grating to prevent blockage and it is made with high quality UPVC material with ultra violet stabilizer. This grating is offered with all the inherent advantage of plastics, strength, lightness and resistance to impact and corrosion. The grating is strong enough to withstand normal foot traffic. It is suitable to install in the reinforcement concrete roof and scupper drain or metal gutter.

Balcony drainage outlet

Balcony drainage outlet is designed with a vertical inlet grating to prevent blockage and it comes with an internal build in funnel to prevent the rainwater to flush out from the upper floor. It is recommended to be used in the multi storey apartments and low cost flats which the rainwater Gutter Down Pipe are installed exposed and it is also suitable for corridor and car park areas. With this special design fitting, the Gutter Down Pipe can discharge water in a single pipe system and it is neat in appearance.

Access pipe

Access pipe is to provide a big twist lock access door for cleaning and maintenance. The diameter of the access door is designed the same size with the down pipe, so that is easily accessible to any part of the down pipe. It is recommended to install this fitting together with the down pipe before it is connected to the underground drainage pipe (just above the ground floor level).

Pipe sleeve

The pipe sleeve is designed with many external ribs to prevent water from leaking and seepage along the external smooth surface of the UPVC pipe when inserting it into the concrete floor slab. It is suitable to use for UPVC Gutter Down Pipe system and also for soil, waste and ventilation system. The complete sizes are ranging from 32mm to 200mm, they are made to comply with BS5255:BS4514 and BS4576.

91° bend with spigot end

Specially designed bend with one spigot end (male end) for horizontal Gutter Down Pipe to run very closed to the concrete floor slab (ceiling). It is just solvent welded directly into the pipe sleeve which casted into the slab. With this way of installation, it gives a higher head clearance and also neat in appearance.

Offset bend

Bend with one spigot end can directly welded through solvent cement into the socket of the other bend. It will minimize the distance of “W” to form a narrow offset.

External Protection Systems On Steel Pipes

The steel shell is normally grit-blasted on the outside and inside according to the applicable standards as specified by the clients.

Over the years in the history of steel water supply pipelines, a wide variety of systems have been used to provide external corrosion protection for both above and below ground installations.

The most commonly used and effective external protection systems specified by clients in the water supply industry are as follows :

a) Below Ground / Buried Pipes
Hot Applied Bitumen Coating together with reinforced glass fiber tissues on primed external steel surface.

b) Above Ground / Exposed Pipes
Industrial paints such as Aluminium / zinc rich painting system, red-oxide and other epoxy coating system.

Other External Surface Protection Systems are as follows :
1) Reinforced coal tar enamel coating
2) Coal tar epoxy and other epoxy coating
3) Primer coating painting e.g. red lead oxide
4) Tape coating system

Internal Protection Systems On Steel Pipes

Cement mortar lining is one of the most commonly used methods to prevent internal corrosion of steel pipe while at the same time providing a smooth surface to maximise flow capacity.

This cement mortar lining is applied to the pipes by spinning in a centrifugal process producing a dense lining with a smooth surface. At the same time, excess water that migrates to the surface of the lining will be removed by skimming process. The high density, low void and water content results in a strong and low permeability cement mortar lining.

Either Ordinary Portland cement complying to BS 12 or Sulphate-Resistting Portland cement complying to BS 4027 and fine aggregate are mixed together to form the lining material.

Other Internal Surface Protection systems are also used as follows :
1) Centrifugal spun Bitumen lining
2) Centrifugal spun coal tar lining
3) Epoxy and coal tar epoxy lining
4) Painting system

Recently, more and more structures are being built in soft ground and coastal reclaimed land. This often leads to the problems of negative friction generated by the settlement of ground due to earth consolidation.
A technique, successfully utilized in countries such as Netherlands, England and Japan for reduction in negative friction is be the use of Slip lay pipe. About 6mm thick of bituminous material is applied to the pipe surface in order to minimize the negative friction by means of its visco elastic characteristic. The effectiveness of slip layer pipe not only produces a sound foundation in areas of intense ground subsidence but also helps to achieve tremendous cost saving.

Typical composition of slip lay pipe is shown below:

Before the production of Ductile Iron Pipe, Cast Iron Pipe is known as the most suitable pipe for the industries. After the production of Ductile Iron Pipe, it’s well known and retains all the attractive qualities from Cast Iron such as machinability, corrosion-resistance, additional strength, toughness, and ductility. The chemical properties for Ductile Iron Pipe and Cast Iron Pipe are different too.

Ductile Iron Pipe is largely used in the industry since 1955. Most probably Ductile Iron Pipe is used for modern water, wastewater systems and etc. There are more than for decades of field experience have proven Ductile Iron Pipe’s strength, durability, and reliability for transporting raw, potable water, sewage, slurries, and process chemicals. Ductile Iron pipe is good in it’s function of corrosion-resistance, it has been proven that its’ corrosion-resistance is equal or greater than the Cast Iron Pipe. With that said, Ductile Iron Pipe can be stand for more longer than Cast Iron Pipe without reparing, in a long term basis, the cost used for ductile iron pipe will be lesser than cast iron pipe.

Ductile Iron Pipe is usually manufactured by the piping supplier in 6 metre nominal laying lengths and range of 80mm – 2600mm diameters of standard pressure classes and nominal wall thicknesses. There is several methods for Ductile Iron Pipe jointing, assembling, cutting, installing, and ovality correction too. Of course, the cost for ductile iron pipe will be higher if comparing with cast iron pipe and other pipes, but it’s more economical in long run basis.

Click here to view the video on how ductile iron pipe is made.

Source : Dipra & Brouchure from ACI Holdings

1st Method of Gutter Installation

1) Mark a center point on the formwork where the UPVC pipe is to pass through the concrete floor slab, then get a nail to punch a small hole on the said point. Put the Gutter Down pipe sleeve on top of the formwork so that the central hole is perpendicular to the hole already marked and fastening the sharp screw onto the formwork.

2) By fastening the sharp screw from the Gutter Down pipe sleeve central hole to the formwork the “Y” portion will naturally bend downward and force the Gutter Down pipe sleeve to clamp against the formwork firmly. This is to ensure correct and stable positioning of the Gutter Down pipe sleeve during concrete casting.

3) When the formwork is removed after the concrete floor is cast, the “Z” and “Y” portion will break off leaving the Gutter Down pipe sleeve cast within the concrete floor slab. Some touch up filling is necessary at “Z” portion before connection UPVC pipe.

2nd Method of Gutter Installation

1) Gutter Down pipe sleeve are provided with four nail hole fastening locations outside the cylindrical body. The Gutter Down pipe sleeve is placed on top of the formwork where the UPVC pipe is to pass through the concrete floor slab. Four nails are then fastened firmly onto the formwork.

2) When the formwork is removed after then concrete floor slab is cast, the nails will be exposed beneath the Gutter Down pipe sleeve. Bend the nails toward the floors slab or cut them away. Additional cement plastering will cover the bend nails.

3) Apply the PVC solvent cement on “X” portions all round for connection of the UPVC pipe into the Gutter Down pipe sleeve.

4) Please ensure that the extension UPVC pipe are fitted (without solvent cement) into the Gutter Down pipe sleeve before the concrete is cast, if the thickness of concrete floor slab exceeds the heights of the Gutter Down pipe sleeve. Remove the extension UPVC pipe from the Gutter Down pipe sleeve after the concrete floor is cast.

5) In order to have a better discharging flow system for the main stack, it is important to align the connecting UPVC pipes centre points to ensure optimum efficiency. Insert an extension UPVC pipe into the Gutter Down pipe sleeve which had already casted in the floor slab below. Then place a laser pointer pen holder onto the UPVC pipe, so that the centre point can be located at the underneath upper floor formwork. Thereafter made a nail hole and then place a Gutter Down pipe sleeve on top of the formwork, and fastening by the sharp screw.

PEX piping is part of a water supply piping system that has several advantages over metal pipe like copper pipe, iron pipe and lead pipe or rigid plastic pipe like PVC pipe, CPVC pipe and ABS pipe systems. PEX piping is flexible enough in resisting to scale and chlorine, PEX piping also doesn’t corrode or develop pinholes, it is easier and faster to be installed than any metal pipe or rigid plastic pipe, and require only a very few connections and fittings.

PEX piping has been used in Europe since 70’s, and is then introduced in the United State in 80’s. The use of PEX pipe has been increasing from year thereafter, replacing copper pipe in many applications, especially radiant heating systems installed in the slab underground and walkways. The used of PEX piping for hot and cold water plumbing has show and increase recently in the United States.

Advantages of PEX Piping

1. Flexible PEX piping is manufactured by extrusion, and shipped and stored on spools, where rigid plastic piping or metal piping must be cut to some practical length for shipping and storage. Due to the decrease in weight and storage option, this leads to a lower shipping and handling costs for PEX piping.
2. PEX piping is cheaper than copper pipe and lead to cheaper installation cost then other pipe.
3. PEX piping installations require lesser fittings than rigid piping.
4. PEX piping unrolled from spools can be installed in long runs without the need for coupling fittings.
5. Connecting PEX piping to fittings does not require any soldering work, and this directly eliminates the health and environment hazards.
6. PEX piping resists the scale build-up common with copper pipe, and does not pit or corrode when exposed to acidic water.
7. PEX piping is much more resistant to freeze-breakage than any copper pipe or rigid plastic pipe.
8. PEX piping with its solid and stable property, it does not transfer heat like copper does.
9. PEX piping allows water flows more quietly.

A video shows on how to connect PEX pipe is shown:

Rainwater drainage is a gutter system which is used on outside the house to avoid the rainwater running into the brickwall or window and causing the wall decomposed, the water might go into the building too. Due to gutter system does use pipe too, so it’s also a type of piping work. Almost every houses have installed these rainwater systems to avoid the rainwater go into their houses. However, gutter down pipe is one of the element in the gutter systems or rainwater systems. The rainwater drainage is installed at the roofing area, so it’s also called as roof gutters.

What Is Rainwater Gutter

The rainwater gutter is used to redirect the rainwater from the top of the roof, followed by a horizontal roof gutters, the rainwater will be flowing into the vertical gutter down pipe, end up the rainwater will be flowing into the ground drainage system. The horizontal roof gutters must be installed in a slightly fall so that the water can be flowing to the vertical gutter down pipe, else the rainwater will be stuck on the roof gutters and the rainwater will be leaked out and running to the wall, window and buildings and causing damp.

However, the sizes of roof gutters must be large enough to carry the rainwater. Rainwater gutter must be installed to be able to control the fast flowing of rainwater and it might break the gutter system. Usually the material used for gutter down pipe is Unplasticised PVC (UPVC). The material used must be having adequate strength and durability to handle the water pressure of the rainwater. If the gutter systems is installed inside the house, pressure test must be carried out before it can be installed.

Structural pipe is another type of piping and it has several costing on the surface of structural pipe such as metal surface, zinc coating, clear polymer coating and zinc-rich paint coasting, it improves the durability of the structural pipe. There is several types of structural pipes as well, such as Circular Hollow Section Southern Pipe, Rectangular Hollow Section Southern Pipe and Square Hollow Section Southern Pipe, each of them has different usage and installation pipe procedure, but all of them have the same coating on the surface.

1) Both Internal and external surfaces of structural pipe are shot blast and chemically cleaned to a bright metal surface.

2) External surface hot-dip galvanized with smooth, controlled zinc coating.

3) Clear Polymer coated on structural pipe to protect galvanizing prior to fabrication.

4) Interior zinc-rich paint coating for corrosion protection.

These structural pipe also known as Galvanized Carbon Steel Hollow Section or Southern Pipe, it provides a cost effective as well as a smooth, attractive, corrosion-resistant surface finish, it becomes the ideal choice for piping supplier. Southern Pipe is a high strength structural product that provides strength-to-weight advantages in variety of structural applications. It consists of a steel tubular coated on the external surface by in-line hot-dip galvanizing and is then further protected with a clear polymer coating. The internet surface is furnished with a superior anti-corrosive zinc-rich paint.

Circular Hollow Section Southern Pipe (CHS), Rectangular Hollow Section Southern Pipe (RHS) and Square Hollow Section Southern Pipe (SHS) for general structural purposes, are manufactured by cold forming and high frequency welding of hot rolled steel strip. The controlled cold forming process enhances the strength, rigidity and surface finish of the Southern Pipe and produces product to tight dimensional tolerances. Southern Pipe is easy to cut, weld, machine and drill. Together with its rigidity and strength, Southern Pipe is the ideal structural hollow section for use under torsional, tensile and compressional loads. Southern Pipe is specially suited for light and medium duty structural fabrications, such as hand rails, sign posts, roof trusses, shed, garages, trailers, fence post, low rise commercial buildings, balconies, materials handling etc., where the zinc coating is beneficial as a low cost alternative to paint and primed for corrosion impediment and has the aesthetic advantages of a smooth, attractive, shiny silver surface.

Protective Coatings

1) External Galvanized Coating
The internal and external surfaces of Southern Pipe are shot blast and chemically cleaned to remove millscale, rust or foreign particles. It is the followed by Southern Pipe’s unique in line galvanizing process to achieve a smooth, even, controlled zinc coating. This coating not only provides the Southern Pipe an excellent protection against atmospheric corrosion but is also durable and can withstand repeated forming without cracking, flaking or peeling.

2) Clear Organic Polymer Coating
A clear polymer coating is applied on the Southern Pipe to protect the external galvanized surface against the onset of white rust and thereby providing optimum protection. Furthermore, combining these two excellent coating systems will provide the Southern Pipe with a smooth, shiny end product appearance that is unmatched in terms of strength and durability.

3) Interior Anti-Corrosive Paint Coating
A smooth, even coat of anti corrosive zinc rich paint is applied to the internal surface of the Southern Pipe for full bore protection.

Features of Southern Pipe or Structural Pipe

1) Southern Pipe exhibits greater corrosion resistance because of the synergism created between coatings; the galvanized zinc coasting gives a long lasting corrosion protection, clear polymer top coat then passivates the zinc to slow down the white rust growth process.

2) Southern Pipe is able to resist damage by high physical abuse with its high mechanical strength.

3)  Southern Pipe’s structural strength ensure system integrity, it does not sag or becomes brittle under normal weather and design temperature extremes.

4) Southern Pipe is far more competitive that the conventional galvanizing pipe.

5) Southern Pipe’s damage resistance can be specified for long life performances in various atmospheric environments.

Pipe is used as a structural component. There are several types of pipe in the market, while one of them is Cast Iron Pipe. There are several benefits of using cast iron pipe from piping construction point of view are worth to mentioned:

Noise reduction

By using the combination of neoprene gaskets and hub-less coupling with cast iron pipe and fittings would greatly reduce the noise and vibration. This reduction of noise from the use of cast iron pipe is purely based on its composition and method of manufacturing, the noise generated while using with cast iron pipe is muffled rather than being transmitted. The neoprene play a very important role also in segregating the cast iron pipe from the fitting and help in reducing the noise.

The performance and quality

If the piping work from any construction sites involves sanitary and storm drain, waste and vent piping application, cast iron pipe is the best choice with its performance, feasibility and durability. The cast iron pipe can be said is no equal if to be compared with any other piping resources, and this fact is proven from the previous proved records in the piping use of history. The characteristic of the cast iron pipe from its unique corrosion resistance make the cast iron pipe and fitting best suit for piping/plumbing applications.

Versatility

Cast iron pipe and fittings are the most versatile sanitary and storm drain, waste, and vent piping material and it is highly demanded from the market since long time ago. Especially on wide selection of joining method for cast iron pipe, the versatility allow the cast iron pipe for efficient installation either for underground or above the floor as well as the easy adaptability for the use in building construction has make the cast iron pipe one of the most preferred piping in the market.

Economically solution

Cast iron pipe and fittings is able to offer an economically solution to the market due to several advantages includes the various joining method, the versatility, performance, and the widely availability in the market. Cast iron pipe also offers a low cost installation based on the efficiency of combination from gasket joint and hub-less joint, long pipe (10 foot) reduce the joint in plumbing application, the ease of manufacturing and reduced waste generated.